The Ability of Soil Candida albicans Secreted Potential Protease and Lipase
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Dec 31, 2020
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Abstract
Candida spp secreted a different kind of extracellular enzymes. Protease and lipase are the enzymes that are commonly used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. This study aimed to examine protease and lipase activity of Candida tropicalis isolated from the soil of the Medicinal Plant Garden of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia. Candida isolate was subjected to the fermentation process to obtain bioactive metabolites. The result was analyzed using ANOVA within a 5% interval of confidence, continuing with PostHoc. The result showed the Candida tropicalis metabolite giving the best proteolytic index value (0,6556 ± 0,0090) U/mL. The metabolite isolate of Candida tropicalis had the highest activity, amounting to 5,776 ± 0,495 U/mL. The best results of lipolytic index value (0,394 ± 0,053) U/mL. The Candida tropicalis metabolites produced the highest lipase enzyme after nine days of fermentation in 5.2917±0,0167 U/mL.
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References
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Bestari, N. C., & Suharjono. (2015). Uji Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Isolat Bakteri Lipolitik dari Limbah Cair Pabrik. Jurnal Biotropika, 3(3), 151–155.
Bharathi, D., Rajalakshmi, G., & Komathi, S. (2019). Optimization and Production of Lipase Enzyme from Bacterial Strains Isolated from Petrol Spilled Soil. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 31(4), 898–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2017.12.018
Câmara Ribas, R. K. da, dos Santos Carboni, D., Cazarolli, J. C., Flôres, S. H., Ramirez-Castrillon, M., & Valente, P. (2019). Nitrogen Source and pH Interact and Modulate Lipase Secretion in a Non-Clinical Strain of Candida parapsilosis. Acta Scientiarum - Biological Sciences, 41(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v41i1.45481
Carrazco-Palafox, J., Rivera-Chavira, B. E., Ramírez-Baca, N., Manzanares-Papayanopoulos, L. I., & Nevárez-Moorillón, G. V. (2018). Improved Method for Qualitative Screening of Lipolytic Bacterial Strains. MethodsX, 5, 68-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.mex.2018.01.004
Gupta, R., Kumari, A., Syal, P., & Singh, Y. (2015). Molecular and Functional Diversity Of Yeast and Fungal Lipases: Their Role in Biotechnology and Cellular Physiology. Progress in Lipid Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plipres.2014.12.001
Duanis-Assaf, D., Kenan, E., Sionov, R., Steinberg, D., & Shemesh, M. (2020). Proteolytic Activity of Bacillus subtilis upon k-Casein Undermines Its “Caries-Safe” Effect. Microorganisms, 8(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020221
Hermansyah, Novia, & Wiraningsih, M. (2016). Bioethanol Production From Cellulose by Candida tropicalis, as an Alternative Microbial Agent to Produce Ethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Sriwijaya Journal of Environment, 1(1), 10-13. https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2016.1.1.10-13
Javed, S., Azeem, F., Hussain, S., Rasul, I., Siddique, M. H., Riaz, M., Afzal, M., Kouser, A., & Nadeem, H. (2018). Bacterial lipases: A Review on Purification and Characterization. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 132, 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.07.014
Kalayu, G. (2019). Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms: Promising Approach as Biofertilizers. In International Journal of Agronomy, 2019, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4917256
Liu, Y., & Chen, J. Y. (2016). Enzyme Immobilization on Cellulose Matrixes. Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers, 31(6), 553-567. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 0883911516637377
Liu, Z., & Pan, J. (2017). A Practical Method for Extending the Biuret Assa
y to Protein Determination of Corn-Based Products. Food Chemistry, 224(June), 289–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.12.084
Mahyati, M. (2017). Uji Daya Hambat Senyawa Xylitol dari Limbah Tongkol Jagung pada Bakteri Streptococcus mutans. INTEK: Jurnal Penelitian, 4(2), 111. https://doi.org/10.31963/intek.v4i2.153
Monteiro, R. R. C., Virgen-Ortiz, J. J., Berenguer-Murcia, Á., da Rocha, T. N., dos Santos, J. C. S., Alcántara, A. R., & Fernandez-Lafuente, R. (2020). Biotechnological Relevance of the Lipase A from Candida antarctica. Catalysis Today, November 2019, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2020.03.026
Stoytcheva, M., Montero, G., Zlatev, R., A. Leon, J., & Gochev, V. (2012). Analytical Methods for Lipases Activity Determination: A Review. Current Analytical Chemistry, 8(3), 400–407. https://doi.org/10.2174/157341112801264879
Nizar, I., Wirajana, I., & Laksmiwati, A. (2015). Analisis Potensi Protease Ektraseluler Tanah Hutan Mangrove Pantai Suwung Kauh Bali. Cakra Kimia (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry).
Oktavia, Y., Lestari, S. D., Lestari, S., Herpandi, ., & Jannah, M. (2018). Optimasi Waktu Inkubasi Produksi Protease dan Amilase Isolat Bakteri Asal Terasi Ikan Teri Stolephorus sp. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 10(3), 719–725. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v10i3.18840
Ozturkoglu-Budak, S., Wiebenga, A., Bron, P. A., & de Vries, R. P. (2016). Protease and Lipase Activities of Fungal and Bacterial Strains Derived from an Artisanal Raw Ewe's Milk Cheese. International Journal of Food Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.08.007
Pandey, N., Gupta, M. K., & Tilak, R. (2018). Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzyme Activities of The Different Candida spp. Isolated from The Blood of The Intensive Care Unit-Admitted Patients. Journal of Laboratory Physicians. https://doi.org/10.4103/jlp.jlp_81_18
Poernomo, A. T., Isnaeni, Sugianto, Purwanto, D. A., Dewi, A. C., & Suryagama, D. (2017). Pengaruh Nutrisi pada Produksi dan Karakterisasi Protease dari Bakteri Termofilik Isolat LS-1 Lumpur Sidoarjo. Farmasi Dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 4(2), 51-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v4i22017.51-58
Putri, A. A. B., Yuliet, Y., & Jamaluddin, J. (2016). Analisis Kadar Albumin Ikan Sidat (Anguilla marmorata dan Anguilla bicolor) dan Uji Aktivitas Penyembuhan Luka Terbuka Pada Kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy), 2(2), 90–95. https://doi.org/10.22487/ j24428744.2016.v2.i2.5967
Ramnath, L., Sithole, B., & Govinden, R. (2017). Identification of Lipolytic Enzymes Isolated from Bacteria Indigenous to Eucalyptus Wood Species for Application in The Pulping Industry. Biotechnology Reports, 15(April), 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2017.07.004
Soeka, Y. S., & Sulistiani, S. (2017). Karakterisasi Enzim Protease dari Bakteri Stenotrophomonas sp. Asal Gunung Bromo, Jawa Timur. Berita Biologi, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i2.2940
Subagiyo, S., Djarod, M. S. R., & Setyati, W. A. (2017). Potensi Ekosistem Mangrove sebagai Sumber Bakteri Untuk Produksi Protease, Amilase dan Selulase. Jurnal Kelautan Tropis, 20(2), 106. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v20i2.1703
Sumardi, S., Farisi, S., Ekowati, C. N., & Diana, M. S. (2019). Aktivitas dan Karakterisasi Enzim Protease Isolat Bacillus sp. (UJ132) Secara Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 14(3), 193-199. https://doi.org/10.15578/jra.14.3.2019.193-199
Sun, X. Y., Zhao, Y., Liu, L. L., Jia, B., Zhao, F., Huang, W. D., & Zhan, J. (2015). Copper Tolerance and Biosorption of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae During Alcoholic Fermentation. PLoS ONE, 10(6), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128611
Weerasekera, M. M., Wijesinghe, G. K., Jayarathna, T. A., Gunasekara, C. P., Fernando, N., Kottegoda, N., & Samaranayake, L. P. (2016). Culture Media Profoundly Affect Candida Albicans and Candida tropicalis Growth, Adhesion, and Biofilm Development. Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 111(11), 697-702. https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760160294
Yuniarti, R., Nugroho, T. T., & Puspita, F. (2015). Uji Aktivitas Enzim Protease dari Isolat Bacillus sp. Galur Lokal Riau. Jom Fmipa. https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/ JOMFMIPA/article/view/4378
Zuza-Alves, D. L., Silva-Rocha, W. P., & Chaves, G. M. (2017). An Update on Candida Tropicalis Based on Basic and Clinical Approaches. In Frontiers in Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01927
Asril, M., & Leksikowati, S. S. (2019). Isolasi dan Seleksi Bakteri Proteolitik Asal Limbah Cair Tahu Sebagai Dasar Penentuan Agen Pembuatan Biofertilizer. Elkawnie, 5(2), 86. https://doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v5i2.4356
Bestari, N. C., & Suharjono. (2015). Uji Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Isolat Bakteri Lipolitik dari Limbah Cair Pabrik. Jurnal Biotropika, 3(3), 151–155.
Bharathi, D., Rajalakshmi, G., & Komathi, S. (2019). Optimization and Production of Lipase Enzyme from Bacterial Strains Isolated from Petrol Spilled Soil. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 31(4), 898–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2017.12.018
Câmara Ribas, R. K. da, dos Santos Carboni, D., Cazarolli, J. C., Flôres, S. H., Ramirez-Castrillon, M., & Valente, P. (2019). Nitrogen Source and pH Interact and Modulate Lipase Secretion in a Non-Clinical Strain of Candida parapsilosis. Acta Scientiarum - Biological Sciences, 41(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v41i1.45481
Carrazco-Palafox, J., Rivera-Chavira, B. E., Ramírez-Baca, N., Manzanares-Papayanopoulos, L. I., & Nevárez-Moorillón, G. V. (2018). Improved Method for Qualitative Screening of Lipolytic Bacterial Strains. MethodsX, 5, 68-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.mex.2018.01.004
Gupta, R., Kumari, A., Syal, P., & Singh, Y. (2015). Molecular and Functional Diversity Of Yeast and Fungal Lipases: Their Role in Biotechnology and Cellular Physiology. Progress in Lipid Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plipres.2014.12.001
Duanis-Assaf, D., Kenan, E., Sionov, R., Steinberg, D., & Shemesh, M. (2020). Proteolytic Activity of Bacillus subtilis upon k-Casein Undermines Its “Caries-Safe” Effect. Microorganisms, 8(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020221
Hermansyah, Novia, & Wiraningsih, M. (2016). Bioethanol Production From Cellulose by Candida tropicalis, as an Alternative Microbial Agent to Produce Ethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Sriwijaya Journal of Environment, 1(1), 10-13. https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2016.1.1.10-13
Javed, S., Azeem, F., Hussain, S., Rasul, I., Siddique, M. H., Riaz, M., Afzal, M., Kouser, A., & Nadeem, H. (2018). Bacterial lipases: A Review on Purification and Characterization. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 132, 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.07.014
Kalayu, G. (2019). Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms: Promising Approach as Biofertilizers. In International Journal of Agronomy, 2019, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4917256
Liu, Y., & Chen, J. Y. (2016). Enzyme Immobilization on Cellulose Matrixes. Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers, 31(6), 553-567. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 0883911516637377
Liu, Z., & Pan, J. (2017). A Practical Method for Extending the Biuret Assa
y to Protein Determination of Corn-Based Products. Food Chemistry, 224(June), 289–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.12.084
Mahyati, M. (2017). Uji Daya Hambat Senyawa Xylitol dari Limbah Tongkol Jagung pada Bakteri Streptococcus mutans. INTEK: Jurnal Penelitian, 4(2), 111. https://doi.org/10.31963/intek.v4i2.153
Monteiro, R. R. C., Virgen-Ortiz, J. J., Berenguer-Murcia, Á., da Rocha, T. N., dos Santos, J. C. S., Alcántara, A. R., & Fernandez-Lafuente, R. (2020). Biotechnological Relevance of the Lipase A from Candida antarctica. Catalysis Today, November 2019, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2020.03.026
Stoytcheva, M., Montero, G., Zlatev, R., A. Leon, J., & Gochev, V. (2012). Analytical Methods for Lipases Activity Determination: A Review. Current Analytical Chemistry, 8(3), 400–407. https://doi.org/10.2174/157341112801264879
Nizar, I., Wirajana, I., & Laksmiwati, A. (2015). Analisis Potensi Protease Ektraseluler Tanah Hutan Mangrove Pantai Suwung Kauh Bali. Cakra Kimia (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry).
Oktavia, Y., Lestari, S. D., Lestari, S., Herpandi, ., & Jannah, M. (2018). Optimasi Waktu Inkubasi Produksi Protease dan Amilase Isolat Bakteri Asal Terasi Ikan Teri Stolephorus sp. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 10(3), 719–725. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v10i3.18840
Ozturkoglu-Budak, S., Wiebenga, A., Bron, P. A., & de Vries, R. P. (2016). Protease and Lipase Activities of Fungal and Bacterial Strains Derived from an Artisanal Raw Ewe's Milk Cheese. International Journal of Food Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.08.007
Pandey, N., Gupta, M. K., & Tilak, R. (2018). Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzyme Activities of The Different Candida spp. Isolated from The Blood of The Intensive Care Unit-Admitted Patients. Journal of Laboratory Physicians. https://doi.org/10.4103/jlp.jlp_81_18
Poernomo, A. T., Isnaeni, Sugianto, Purwanto, D. A., Dewi, A. C., & Suryagama, D. (2017). Pengaruh Nutrisi pada Produksi dan Karakterisasi Protease dari Bakteri Termofilik Isolat LS-1 Lumpur Sidoarjo. Farmasi Dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 4(2), 51-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v4i22017.51-58
Putri, A. A. B., Yuliet, Y., & Jamaluddin, J. (2016). Analisis Kadar Albumin Ikan Sidat (Anguilla marmorata dan Anguilla bicolor) dan Uji Aktivitas Penyembuhan Luka Terbuka Pada Kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy), 2(2), 90–95. https://doi.org/10.22487/ j24428744.2016.v2.i2.5967
Ramnath, L., Sithole, B., & Govinden, R. (2017). Identification of Lipolytic Enzymes Isolated from Bacteria Indigenous to Eucalyptus Wood Species for Application in The Pulping Industry. Biotechnology Reports, 15(April), 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2017.07.004
Soeka, Y. S., & Sulistiani, S. (2017). Karakterisasi Enzim Protease dari Bakteri Stenotrophomonas sp. Asal Gunung Bromo, Jawa Timur. Berita Biologi, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i2.2940
Subagiyo, S., Djarod, M. S. R., & Setyati, W. A. (2017). Potensi Ekosistem Mangrove sebagai Sumber Bakteri Untuk Produksi Protease, Amilase dan Selulase. Jurnal Kelautan Tropis, 20(2), 106. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v20i2.1703
Sumardi, S., Farisi, S., Ekowati, C. N., & Diana, M. S. (2019). Aktivitas dan Karakterisasi Enzim Protease Isolat Bacillus sp. (UJ132) Secara Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 14(3), 193-199. https://doi.org/10.15578/jra.14.3.2019.193-199
Sun, X. Y., Zhao, Y., Liu, L. L., Jia, B., Zhao, F., Huang, W. D., & Zhan, J. (2015). Copper Tolerance and Biosorption of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae During Alcoholic Fermentation. PLoS ONE, 10(6), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128611
Weerasekera, M. M., Wijesinghe, G. K., Jayarathna, T. A., Gunasekara, C. P., Fernando, N., Kottegoda, N., & Samaranayake, L. P. (2016). Culture Media Profoundly Affect Candida Albicans and Candida tropicalis Growth, Adhesion, and Biofilm Development. Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 111(11), 697-702. https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760160294
Yuniarti, R., Nugroho, T. T., & Puspita, F. (2015). Uji Aktivitas Enzim Protease dari Isolat Bacillus sp. Galur Lokal Riau. Jom Fmipa. https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/ JOMFMIPA/article/view/4378
Zuza-Alves, D. L., Silva-Rocha, W. P., & Chaves, G. M. (2017). An Update on Candida Tropicalis Based on Basic and Clinical Approaches. In Frontiers in Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01927